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The endbulbs of Held are the first central synapses of the auditory pathway, and enable a thorough analysis of the link between synapse function and morphology. In the first funding period we investigated overall morphological changes, as well as the variability of the individual synapses, by employing several electron microscopy methods. We will now focus on the changes taking place in relation to chronic or acute changes in activity, focusing on synaptic vesicle pools.